Mounting for vehicle-wheels.



PATBNTED JULY 10, 1007.

G. W- FULTON. MOUNTING FOR VEHIGLE WHEELS. .uPPLIoM'Iour nnnn rma. a0. 1004.

'ummm PATENTBD JULY'16, 1907.

o. w. FULTON. MOUNTING FOR VEHIGLE WHEELS.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 29, 1904.

vienne-SHEET z. A

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N0. 860,023. y PATENTED JULY 16, 1907. C. W. FULTON.

MOUNTING POR VEHIGLE WHEELS. APPLIOA'ION FILED rma. 29, i904.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Invntor;

No. 860,023. PATBNTBD JULY 16, 1907.

c. W. FULTON.

VVMOUNTING: FOR VEHIGLQE WHEELS.

APPLIoATroN-HLBD 21:13.29. 1904.y

fam@ No. 860,023. PATBNTBD JULY 16, 1907. o. W. FULTON.

MOUNTING FOR VEHICLE WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 29, 1904.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Wzfn ess es:

No. 860,023.l

WLt n ess es & 71.14%@ M411 PATENTED JULY I6, 1907.

C. W. FULTON. MOUNTING FOR VEHICLE WHEELS.

APPLICATION IILED IEB. 29.1904.

7 SHEETS-SHEET '1.

Inl/ente r'j UNITED STATES' PATENT omen.

CHARLES FULTON, 4on PAIsfLnY, SCOTLAND.'

nonn'rrne Fonvn'mcLE-wnnnns.' l

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To all'lbho'm it muy concern?l Be'"it known that I, Cuantas vWillman Fouron, a subject ofthe' King of Great Britain, and residingat Paisley',- Renfrewshire, Scotland, have inventedl cer- 5 tainnew and useful Improvements in or Relating to the .Mounting of Road-Wheels for Vehicles, of Awhich the following-.isaspe'ciication y According to this invention each Wheel is mounted on a phi or other appropriate axle supported in a bracket .m or knuckle and arranged to'move vertically therein,

and springslnonsynchronus in their relative movements a're disposed between the bracket and the wheel axle and between thebracket and the vehicle. The springs in the bracket are preferably over the point of contact between. the wheel and the roadway.- x Referring te the drawings, Figure l is a sectional levation of a preferred embodiment of the invention as appliedl to .a steering wheel.,` Fig. 2` is a side elevation of an embodiment of the invention asapplid to a driven wheel mounted on a stationary axle. Figyfshows an alternative 'Tinethod'y of applying the invention to a driven wheel where the bracket is-adapted to rock in-l stead' of curving the pins." Figi shows the invention applied to a wheel mounted on ailiveJ axle. Fig. 5

is a side elevation oi a modified construction in which the radius rod is dispensed with andthe wheel prevented from turning round thepins by a stop moving in i a suitable guide way. Fig, 6 shows a modified construction which isadaptableto driven and non-driven 3'0 and steering and non-steering wheels and shows a modiication in .which morethan'one spring is mounted -between wheeland" the support. Fig. 7 shows a iurther modification inwhich'jthe wheel axle-is mounted v outside the' bracket. Fig.` 8 -show's af'm'odification in 3.5 which/the blackethas only al single jaw and the wheel axle -i's provided vwith double jaws. Fig. 9 is a modifi- I cation oi the arrangement shown inFig. 8 which the bracket connected to thewheel is shown mountedbneath the axle.` Fig. 10 shows a further modiiication in which the'spring is mountedbelow' both thewheel axle and the bracket. Fig.` 11 shows .a modification in whichga spring ismounted pboth above and below the f ywheel axle. 12 is a further modification showing 'the employment of two springs.` A

Referring Erst of all tothe construction applied to a steering wheel,` as shown in Fig.- 1, the -wheel A'`is mounted on a pin or stud axle B which has a sleeve b;

provided .with ach-cular opening through which extends a pivot pin E. -Tliis pin 'fits the opening in such 5() a manner as to permit the sleeve to slidefreelyalong it and also to rotateroundit. The pin Efis' secured at yboth 'its ends in the armsOr'jaWsc c oi thesteerin'gknuckleor bracket G.v A spring D is disposed between a collar b, carried by the sleeve band which may be i i551 adjustable to regulate the poweroi the spring, andthe upperjaw of the bracket, the upper end of the spring A specification@ Lgtteis'ratent. 'Application ses February 20,1904. 'Serin No. 195.920.

.- Patentes nui 41o; 1907. .1

bearingagainst rubber or other rings "or washers d, which, however, maybe dispensed with. The pinl axle B may extend at right angles to the sleeve, bu t preferably it is directed downward as shown, so that the spring D is approximately overthe point of contact oi the wheel withv the roadway." When the'wheel passes' over an obstruction it fis thus free to 'move vertically against the action of the spring D and when theobstruction is passed the spring expands, so that the shock or' jolt which otherwise would be transmitted tothe body' of the vehicle is absorbed by the spring. The rubber rings, when used, willl absorb the shock consequent' on the road wheelpassing over small obstrnct .ions. V The bracket C in the example shown is pinned 'or it may be otherwise secured to the end ofthe ordinary spring supported cross axle between which andthe lbodyof the vehicle are arranged the usual -elliptic or .C-springsG arranged to one side of the longitudinal axesl 'of the vehicle., The springs D and G donot synchrou together andoadjusted to take up Wear. -Forconveib ience in lubricating the boss b there .is tted to the upper end ofthe pin E a lubricator of any appropriate construction from which the lubricant passes by meansA of a central channel EX in' the pin to radial openings eX and so passes between-the pin E Aand the sleevebg In place of rigidly'securingthe pin iu the bracket as I above described and allowing the bossof the ax'le carrying the wheel to slide on it, the ends o-thepn- E may be extended through the bracketanilbe ree t0 slidein suitable bearingsin the arms c\c1, nuts or other stops being provided on' the ends'of thepin to prevent'.

itirom being drawn from its bearings.

A similar construction as above described may also f n be applied .to non-steering wheels; asior instanc/eQthe' rear or driven 'wheels of a motor vghicle, as shown in l Fig. 2. In this case the' spring supported stationary axle, whichextends across the vehicle', hasattached at each oiit's ends a bracket Q -in'which the road wheel A1` is supporte i.` 'The vvheel A* is mounted on a pinaxle "B 'which'ign this case extends through a sleeve b3;

carrying thepins -E1 mounted inthe bracket C1. v The pin axle B1 isireeto rotate in its'. sleeve andfcarries at its inner end 'a pinion "l it desired,-` the' -brakedruin- To the sleeve b? is-attaclied-in appropriate .inanner the radius rod K'and'in -order that the pin or pinsE1, which in this case are to slide' in bearingsin the arms c c, may move freely, they are curved, as shown, to anarc of a circle determined by the length of the radius rod. Conveniently also the Abracket C1 itself is' curved as shown. 'To aid in pres venting the tendency of the wheel to'rock or move at an angle to its axis, the pins E may be maderectangun lar iucross section fand pass through corresponding openings in the arms of the bracket. 0r two pins moving in parallel planes may be employed. Or the described. lThe bracket C2 in this case is free to rock 0n the stationary cross axle F1, so that the movement necessitated by the action of the radius rod when the wheel passes over an obstruction is compensated by the bracket rocking instead of, as in the previous case,

' the wheel moving on curved pins. The-pin axle Bl rotates in the -sleeve b3 and carries on its inner end toothed pinion J and brake drum Il, as already described, the radius rod being attached to the sleeve b3, as shown. A

`The axle F1 on which the bracket C2 is mounted extends across the vehicle to which it is connected by springs. At or near each end of the shaft is mounted a` sleeve M having hinged or otherwise connected to it a i v loop m for the reception of the ordinary C-spriug G1.

This sleeve M may be -free to move round the shaft or the spring may b e free to move'in the loop. The bracket 'is prevented from moving along the shaft by n collars or otherwise and when the road Wheel passes over an obstruction the bracket is constrained by the radius rod to move angularly and the loop m permits the shaft to move laterally for the requisite distance.

Referring to the construction shown in Fig. 4 in which the wheel is attached to a live axle, the

knuckle C is carried by a stationary shaft F3 running across the carriage supported by elliptic springs,

which are non-synchronous with the bracket springs.

The live axle O has connected to it by means of a universal or other suitable joint O1, the pin axle B1 attached to the wheel not shown which may be inclined or it may be at right angles to its axle. The pin E on which the sleeve of the axle is adapted tomove may be rigidly xed in the bracket so that the sleeve moves on it, the movement being controlled by the spring D, or the pin \E may be rigidly attachedto the axle sleeve andadapted to move in bearings in the knuckle -as already described. O2 is a balance gear provided on the 'sliaft which may be rotated in any appropriate manner and couplings 03 are provided which permit the parts of the shaft to move axially independently of each other as the knuckle rocks when the wheel is passing-over an obstruction.

The couplings O1 O3 are so constructed as toipermit slight axial movement of the parts.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention as applied to a non-steering and non-driven wheel in which a radius rodisldispensed with. This construction corresponds pra reference to Fig. l, but the wheel is prevented from ro- E. When the pih E is rigidly fixed in the bracket it :may be rectangular or it may -be free to move and adapted to pass through correspondingly shaped openings in the jaws of the bracket so as to aid in overcoming the tendency of the wheel to turn round the pivot.

The construction shown in Fig. 6 shows the use of more than one spring so that the effect of a single long spring is obtained'.l In this case the springs D1, D2, D3 are mounted yconcentrically around the pin E which may be fixed in the bracket or adapted to move in bearings therein,'as already described. The outer or largest spring D:i has its lower end bearing against a Acollar b5 attached to the pin axle and. its upper end rests against a cup shaped member P in which is disposed the intermediate spring DZ, the lower end oi which bears against the bottom of the cup P and its upper .end bears against a flange ou another cup P1. The inner spring-Dl has its lower end bearing against the bottom of the cup P1, its upper end bearing against the jaw c of the bracket C.

' The springs are preferably non-synchronous in their relative movements in which case the bracket may be connected to the vehicle, but preferably the bracket is 'carried by an axle-connectedv to the vehicle by springs which dov not synchronize with the bracket springs.

In Fig. 7 the spring Dy rests between the upper jaw c of the bracket'C and an adjustable or other collar e on the pin El which moves in bearings in the jaws of the bracket and carries at its lower end the pin axle B for the wheel. f

lIn the construction shown in Fig. 8 the bracket C is eplaced by a bracket C3. The pin axle B in this case has mounted on it a bracket B2 in which the pin E is mounted, or the pin E may be attached to the bracket C3 so that the bracketB2 slides thereon. The spring D is in this casedisposed between the lower jaw of the. bracket B2 and the lower-side o the bracket C3. A modification of this construction is illustrated in Fig.

y 9 wherein the bracket C3 is dispensed with and the end of the pin axle f on which the bracket B2 on the stud axle B movesis bent over at the upper side of the bracket to form the guide pin for the wheel axle.

` The construction illustrated in Fig. l0 is a modification of that shown in Fig. 8, in that the bracket B2 atf tached to the stud axle B is replaced by a single boss or'hub B3 to which the guide pin E is connected and provided with an adjustable .collar-e1 between which and the support C3 on the vehicle the spring D is disposed. l

In Fig. Il two springs D*4 D5 are employed'. In this case the bracket C is provided with anadditional central jaw c2 and the pin E is extended soas to slide inthe `jaws of the bracket. The pin axle Bis secured firmly by its boss or hub to the lpin and the springl D4 is dis-l` posed between this hub and the upper jaw of the bracket, while the spring D5 is disposed between a central jaw c2 and the collar el ou'the pin E.

In l2 av slight modification of Fig. ll is shown and consists in that the boss attached to the pin axle referred to in the previous example is replaced by thelly with that already described with l bracket B2 already described with reference to Fig. 8. 130

` In the examples'above described and shown in the drawings the springs: are in compression, but as Will'be obvious these springs may be so arranged in any of the examplesthat they are in tension and it is not desired to limit the invention to the precise arrangements shown and described.

What.- I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a mounting or suspension for vehicle wheels, the combination with a cross axle, a bracket on each end of the cross-axle and a pin'or stud axle in each bracket for carrying the wheels, of a pin in each bracket an elongated sleeve secured t0 -each stud axle at right angles thereto and surrounding the' pin in the bracket, .a quick vibrating spring between the stud axle and the bracket and surrounding the sleeve, and slow vibrating springs secured at their mid-points to the cross axle contiguous -to each bracket, and 'secured at their ends to the vehicle, substantially as described.

2; In a mounting or suspension for vehicle wheels, the combination with a cross-axle, a bracket on each end of the cross-axle, and a pin or stud axle in each bracket for `carrying the wheels of a pin in each bracket, an elongated sleeve secured to each stud'axle and surrounding the pin in its corresponding bracket and capable of moving vertically upon and around the said pin, a quick-vibrating springsurrounding the sleeve and bearing upon the stud axle and -the bracket,a slow vibrating spring secured, at its mid-point at each end of the cross-axle, and at its ends to the vehicle, substantially as described.

3. In a mounting or suspension for vehicle wheels, the combination. with an inclined or dipped stud axle for each Wheel, and an elongated sleeve attached to the stud-axle, of a cross axle a bracket at each end of-the cross-axle a pin in 'each bracket passing through the `elongated sleeve, il quick vibrating Aspring between each stud-axle and the bracket, against which the stud-.axle can move, and a slow vibratingspring secured at,A itsmid-point to the cross axle contiguous to` each bracket and approximately over the point of Contact of the wheel and the roadway and nonsynchronous with the spring in the bracket.

-4. In a mounting or suspension for vehicle Wheels the' combination with a cross-axle, a bracket on eachAend of Ithe cross-axle, and an inclined or dipped stud-axle for each wheel, of a guideepin mounted in each bracket-on which .the stud-axle can move vertically agquick-vibrating ,coilthrough its corresponding stud-axle, a system of springs in'each bracket, an elliptic springsecured contiguous to each bracket at its mid-point tot the cross-axle, and approximately over the pointv of contact of the wheel and the road Way.

6. In a mounting or'snspension for vehicle wheels the combination with a crossaxle, a bracket on each end of the cross-axle, and a guide pin in each bracket for the wheel axle, of a sleeve secured at right angles to the pinaxle which carries the wheel mounted on the guide pin upon which it can move vertically, a quick vibrating coilspring between leach pin-axle and its bracket a resilient A' ring between e'ach coil-spring and its bracket, means for adjusting the spring, and a slow vibrating spring secured vcontiguous to each bracket at its mid-point to the axle the stud axle to move vertically inthe bracket, and means for preventing the guide pin.

8. In a mounting or suspension for vehicle wheels the rotation of the wheel axle around the .combination with a cross axle, a bracket on each end of the Cross-axle, and a pin or stud-axle in each bracket for thev wheels, of a pin in each bracket, an elongated sleeve secured to each stud-axle a't right angles thereto, and`surrounding the pin, a quick vibrating yspring between each bracket and the stud-axle therein; and a. slow vibrating spring secured at each end -of the cross-axle contiguous -to each bracket and to the vehicleand nonsynchronous with the spring in the bracket, -and means for rotating the wheels.

9. In a mounting or suspension for vehicle wheels the` combination with a cross-axle, a' bracket on each end of the cross-axle, and a pin or stud-axle in each bracket for the wheels of a guide pin in each bracket, an elongated sleeve secured to each studax-le at right angles thereto and surrounding the pin, a quick vibrating spring between4 each bracket and the stud-axle-thereim and a slow vibrating spring secured at each end of the cross axle contiguous to each-bracket and secured at: their ends to the vehicle, said slow vibrating springs being nonsy'nchronous with the springs in the brackets and arranged approximately over the point of contact of the wheels and theroadway, and means for rotating the wheels. j

In testimony whereof I have signed my name -to this specication in the .presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. WM. FULTON..

Witnesses:

WM. J. Dow, HARRY B. BRIDGE. 

